Helical spring, is a mechanical device, which is typically used to store energy and subsequently release it, to absorb shock, or to maintain a force between contacting surfaces. They are made of an elastic material formed into the shape of a helix which returns to its natural length when unloaded
| D (wire diameter): | This parameter describes the diameter of wire used as material for spring. |
| De (External Diameter): | External diameter at large end of the spring. Tolerance for this parameter is (+ -)2%(indicative). |
| Ds (Internal Diameter): | Internal diameter at small end of the spring. Tolerance for this parameter is (+ -)2%(indicative) |
| L0 (free length): | Free length of compression springs is measured in its uncompressed state after previous one time blocking. Tolerance for this parameter is (+ -)2%(indicative). |
| R (spring rate): : | This parameter determines spring’s resistance, while it is working. It is measured in 1 DaN/mm = 10 N/mm. Tolerance for this parameter is (+-)15%(indicative). |
| P | Pitch means centre distance between two coils.. |
| L1 & F1 (length at force F): | Force F1 at length L1 can be calculated from equation : F1 = (L0-L1) * R. Equation derrived from previous for calculating L1 : L1 = L0 – F1/R. |
| Small Solid Height: | A Helical springs can be designed so that each active coil fits within the next coil, so the solid height can be equal to one or two thicknesses of wire. This is useful where the solid height is limited. |
| Variable Rate: | These springs offer a constant, or uniform pitch, and have an increasing force rate instead of a constant force rate (regular compression springs). The larger coils gradually begin to bottom as a force is applied. A variable pitch can be designed to give a uniform rate if necessary. |
| Stability: | Helical springs offers more lateral stability and less tendency to buckle than regular compression springs. |
| Vibration: | Resonance and vibration is reduced because Helical springs have a uniform pitch and an increasing natural period of vibration (instead of a constant) as each coil bottoms. |
Helical springs are often specified where the large end is meant to work in a bore and the small end is meant to work over a rod. They offer the advantage of a reduced solid height compared to straight compression springs, especially when capable of “telescoping.”
P - Pitch means centre distance between two coils.
F - is the deflection.
